The synergistic copper/ppm Pd-catalyzed hydrocarboxylation of alkynes with formic acid as a CO surrogate as well as a hydrogen source: an alternative indirect utilization of CO2 was written by Xia, Shu-Mei;Yang, Zhi-Wen;Yao, Xiang-Yang;Chen, Kai-Hong;Qiu, Li-Qi;He, Liang-Nian. And the article was included in Green Chemistry in 2021.SDS of cas: 39969-26-1 This article mentions the following:
An unprecedented strategy had been developed involving the earth-abundant Cu-catalyzed hydrocarboxylation of alkynes with HCOOH to (E)-acrylic derivatives I [R1 = Ph, 4-FC6H4, 2-thienyl, etc.; R2 = Me, 4-BrC6H4, 4-MeOC6H4, etc.] with high regio- and stereoselectivity via synergistic effects with ppm levels of a Pd catalyst. Both sym. and unsym. alkynes bearing various functional groups were successfully hydrocarboxylated with HCOOH and the modification of a pharmaceutical mol. exemplified the practicability of this process. This protocol employed HCOOH as both a CO surrogate and hydrogen donor with 100% atom economy and it could be viewed as an alternative approach for indirect CO2 utilization. Mechanistic investigations indicate a Cu/ppm Pd cooperative catalysis mechanism via alkenylcopper species as potential intermediates formed from Cu-hydride active catalytic species with HCOOH as a hydrogen source. This bimetallic system involving inexpensive Cu and trace Pd provided a reliable and efficient hydrocarboxylation method to access industrially useful acrylic derivatives with HCOOH as a hydrogen source, and it provided novel clues for optimizing other Cu-H-related co-catalytic systems. In the experiment, the researchers used many compounds, for example, 1-Methoxy-4-((4-propylphenyl)ethynyl)benzene (cas: 39969-26-1SDS of cas: 39969-26-1).
1-Methoxy-4-((4-propylphenyl)ethynyl)benzene (cas: 39969-26-1) belongs to ethers. Ether is less polar than esters, alcohols or amines because of the oxygen atom that is unable to participate in hydrogen bonding due to the presence of bulky alkyl groups on both sides of the oxygen atom. But ether is more polar than alkenes. At room temperature, ethers are pleasant-smelling colourless liquids. Relative to alcohols, ethers are generally less dense, are less soluble in water, and have lower boiling points. They are relatively unreactive, and as a result they are useful as solvents for fats, oils, waxes, perfumes, resins, dyes, gums, and hydrocarbons. Vapours of certain ethers are used as insecticides, miticides, and fumigants for soil.SDS of cas: 39969-26-1
Referemce:
Ether – Wikipedia,
Ether | (C2H5)2O – PubChem